New research at HR Wallingford in collaboration with the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) in the U.S., has developed a toolkit that can be used to optimize the design of floating offshore renewable energy devices, by accurately simulating the response of these floating structures under realistic sea states.
A variety of concepts for floating offshore renewable energy devices is under development around the world, and each one presents its own challenges. This is not only due to the marine environments in which the devices may be placed, where they will frequently be exposed to significant wave forces, known as hydrodynamic loads, but also due to their respective operating methods. While floating wind turbines aim to limit the response to wave loads, wave energy converters, for example, are tuned to have a high response to the most energetic waves.
Being able to understand and predict the behavior of offshore floating structures, under typical or extreme environmental loads, is central to being able to assess their viability. This is particularly important in the case of offshore renewable energy where devices are intentionally placed in highly energetic marine sites.
Tristan de Lataillade, Visiting Researcher at HR Wallingford through the IDCORE program, said, “What our new research shows is that by combining open-source numerical tools, we have the potential to simulate with accuracy the response of complex offshore floating structures to environmental loads in the marine environment.”
The toolkit consists of two main components: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using Proteus open-source software, and Multi-Body Dynamics (MBD) using the Chrono open-source solver. Both models have been thoroughly validated separately and together.
Dr. Aggelos Dimakopoulos, Senior Engineer at HR Wallingford, added, “We have put a special focus on the fully dynamic simulation of mooring cables, as they can significantly affect station‑keeping and the overall response of the device, which in turn affects its energy extraction efficiency.”
Watch a simulation of the response of a floating offshore renewable energy device:
Michael Case, Renewable Energy Lead at HR Wallingford, said, “Using a CFD model at an early stage can reduce costs in design optimization, by performing full-scale simulations under realistic sea states, before performing laboratory tests which may be subject to practical limitations. This is important as it provides a further opportunity to drive down the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCoE).”
The research project has been sponsored by CHL and the Engineer Research and Development Centre (ERDC), and HR Wallingford, under a joint collaboration agreement. Additional support was provided by the IDCORE doctorate program from the Energy Technologies Institute and the Research Councils Energy Program.
The research paper was presented at EWTEC (European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference) Ireland, in 2017 and is available to download from the University of Exeter research repository.