The global offshore wind operations and maintenance (O&M) market is expected to grow 16% annually to reach US$12 billion (€10 billion) by 2029, with opportunities for both existing and new players, energy intelligence group Wood Mackenzie said in a report on Tuesday.
According to Woodmac, Europe remains the biggest O&M market by region, reaching US$6.6 billion (€5.5 billion) by 2029.
Rapidly expanding markets in Asia and the US could bring new challenges and opportunities for domestic industry as well as international investors, Woodmac said.
Wood Mackenzie senior analyst Shimeng Yang said: “We expect to see O&M strategies developed for highly subsidized projects featuring near shore and smaller turbines evolving to fit the new market landscape characterized by large turbines and waning subsidies.
"As the overall O&M market grows, these changes will open new opportunities for both existing and new players in the offshore wind sector.”
Young market
Woodmac says that the global offshore wind O&M market is still young and lacks experience in long-term O&M issues and failures. Currently, only 1.8 gigawatts (GW) of global capacity have been operating for over 10 years. By 2029, this figure increases 11 times to 20 GW. By then, 90% of the operational fleet, equivalent to 165 GW will still be under 10 years old.
As manufacturers dedicate more resources to O&M services for newer and larger turbine models, the aging turbine fleet represents a significant opportunity for independent service providers as well as in-house expertise, the company says.
Wood Mackenzie research associate Finlay Clark said: “Design and fabrication innovations that accommodate the rapid increase in turbine capacity must be met with equally innovative O&M practices, as turbine complexity and project scale continue to soar.
“China, [which] is set to become the single largest offshore wind O&M market globally, must tread carefully.”
China to overtake UK
The country is expected to overtake UK’s position as world’s largest single offshore wind O&M market, with 41 GW of growth throughout the 2020s, leading to a total of 49 GW capacity, equivalent to US2 billion (€1.7 billion) of opex opportunities by 2029.
Yang said: “China’s young and rapidly growing fleet will require sweeping changes in asset management strategy to deal with massive uptake throughout the 2020s.”
China’s enthusiasm for offshore wind has led to a rushed boom in installations. Coupled with the expiration of national subsidies for wind power, offshore operators in China will face considerable operational challenges to ensure the profitability of their projects, Woodmac says.
Opex declining
With economies of scale and improved efficiency of asset management and O&M services, the global average opex per megawatt is expected to decline 20% between 2020 and 2029 on average.
Europe’s implementation of flexible service operation vessels, remote operation innovations (such as drones), cameras, new digital technologies, and the impact of offshore wind clustering have resulted in average opex per megawatt declining for by 44% over the last eight years, Woodmac says.
"These factors will continue to drive opex reduction beyond 2020 further powered by machine learning and deep learning from big data, as well as robotics and autonomous systems that will partially offset labor costs," Woodmac said.
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